Health Law Full-Time Faculty, Adjunct Faculty, & Administration

J.D., Director of the Health Law & Policy Program 

Scholarship

In 2006-07, Professor Coleman spent the academic year working as the Bioethics and Law Advisor for the World Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland.  In this capacity, Professor Coleman did work on a wide range of issues including pandemic preparedness, research with human subjects, genetic testing, tuberculosis treatment, and HIV vaccine research.

Research with Decisionally Incapacitated Human Subjects: An Argument for a Systemic Approach to Risk-Benefit Assessment, Ind. L. J. (forthcoming 2007)

Duties to Subjects in Clinical Research, 58 Vand. L. Rev.  387 (2005), explores the tension in clinical research between advancing knowledge and protecting the medical best interests of the individual subjects. The article develops a framework for determining how researchers should balance scientific objectives and subjects’ individual interests, modeled on legal principles governing fiduciary relationships.

Professor Coleman's textbook on research with human subjects, titled The Ethics And regulation of Research With Human Subjects (coauthored with Professors Nancy Neveloff Dubler of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jesse Goldner of St. Louis University School of Law, and Jerry Menikoff of the University of Kansas Schools of Medicine and Law), was published by Lexis in July 2005. 

Presentations

Oxford University, The Role of Law in Limiting the Overprescription of Antibiotics. (July 2007)

Eleventh Futures Forum, Copenhagen, Denmark, Ethical Considerations in Developing a Public Health Response to Pandemic Influenza (June 2007)

Global Bioethics Forum, Quality Assurance for Research Ethics Committees (June 2007)

Graduate School of International Studies, Geneva, Switzerland, Ethics and Global Health Diplomacy (June 2007)

European Network of Excellence, Clinigene/Consert Think Tank, Overseeing Human Gene Therapy: Is the IRB Model Appropriate? (April 2007)

University of Zurich Institute of Biomedical Ethics, Rethinking the Process of Research Ethics Review (March 2007)

University of Ibadan, Strengthening Research Ethics Committee in Africa (February 2007)

Brooklyn Law School, End-of-Life Decision-Making: U.S. Perspectives (February 2007)

Italian Senate Health Law Committee, Testimony on Proposed Legislation on End-of-Life Decision-Making (November 2006)

University of Maryland, Health Law Teachers Conference, Surrogate Decision-Making in Medical Research (June 2006)

New York State Bar Association Annual Meeting, Ethics and Public Health Emergencies (January 2006)

Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research annual meeting, IRB Review of Educational Research (December 2005)

Montefiore Medical Center/Cardozo Law School, Certificate Program in Bioethics and the Medical Humanities, Reproductive Decision-Making (October 2005); Informed Consent (September 2005)

American Society of Law, Medicine, Ethics, Health Law Teacher Conference, Duties to Subjects in Clinical Research (June 2005)

New York State Judicial Institute, Human Subject Research and the Law (June 2004)

Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, Human Biotechnology Governance Forum, Regulatory Models for Reproductive Technologies (May 2004)

Serono Symposia International, Legal and Ethical Issues Surrounding HIV and Women (April 2004)

New York Academy of Medicine, Legal and Ethical Challenges in Dementia Research (March 2004)

New York State Bar Association Annual Meeting, Medical Errors and Quality of Care: How Much Should the Patient Know? (January 2004)

Albany Law School Health Law Symposium, Informed Consent to Clinical Trials (November 2003)

American Society of Bioethics and the Humanities Annual Meeting, Human Subject Research and the Courts (October 2003)

Scholarship

In December 2006, Professor Jacobi was selected to join Governor John Corzine's administration as Senior Corporate Counsel.

Reform With A Patient Focus, CUMBERLAND L. REV. (forthcoming 2007)

The Present and Future of Government-Funded Reinsurance, 51 ST. LOUIS U. L.J. 369 (2007)

Dangerous Times for Medicaid, 33 J.L., Medicine & Ethics 834 (2005)

Prison Health, Public Health: Obligations and Opportunities, 31 Am. J. Law & Med. 447 (2005)

Government Reinsurance Programs and Consumer-Driven Care, 53 Buffalo L. Rev. 537 (2005)

Consumer-directed Health Care and the Chronically Ill, 38 Mich. J. Law Reform 531 (2005)

Federal Power, Segregation, and Mental Disability, 39 Houston L. Rev. 1231 (2003), examines the possibilities for enforcement of the anti-segregation mandate of the Supreme Court’s Olmstead decision in light of its subsequent decisions reinvigorating state sovereign immunity. He examines the Court’s assurance in Bd. of Trustees v. Garrett that enforcement of disability rights remains available under federal “positive law,” and argues for the enforcement of rights to integration for people with mental illness through such direct and conditional spending powers provisions as Medicaid, the Section 811 housing program, and the Ticket to Work Act.

In Parity and Difference: The Value of Parity Legislation for the Seriously Mentally Ill, 29 Am. J.L. & Med. 185 (2003), Professor Jacobi reports that mental health parity legislation has not led to any appreciable increase in insurance premiums, notwithstanding fears to the contrary. This somewhat surprising fact is due to the rapid dominance of “managed behavioral health companies”—essentially managed care firms for behavioral health. He argues that the unique vulnerability of the severely mentally ill and the lack of recognized standards against which to make utilization decisions for mental health care require particularly careful oversight, he concludes, the passage of parity legislation will be a Pyrrhic victory for people with mental illness.

Presentations

University of Maryland, Health Law Teacher's Conference, Cost Effectiveness: From Theory to Practice (June 2006)

Health Reform, Race, and Immigration Status, NJN-TV, Due Process (June 2006)

New York City Bar Association, Clients' Rights and Unanticipated Medical Outcomes: Disclosures, Apologies, Mediation, and the Adversary System (May 2006)

St. Louis University School of Law Symposium, The Role of Reinsurance in Health Reform (March 2006)

St. Louis University School of Law Distinguished Speaker Series, Cost-Benefit Analysis in Times of Limited Resources (February 2006); Autonomy, Paternalism, and Serious Mental Illness (February 2006)

Florida Department of Health, Population Health and Disability Rights (April 2005)

Law & Disability Conference, New Jersey State Bar Foundation, Legal Aspects of Mental Health Reform (April 2005)

New Jersey Protection and Advocacy Workshop, Trenton, N.J., Sovereign Immunity and Representing People with Disabilities (September 2003)

Other News

Chair, Board of Directors, North Jersey Community Research Initiative (HIV service organization)

Member, Board of Advisors, New Jersey Office of the Child Advocate

Member, New Jersey Governor's Task Force on Mental Health

Scholarship

Director Independence in the Nonprofit Sector (forthcoming)

A Clash of Wills over Charitable Assets: Governance and Mission in Nonprofit Healthcare Enterprises (forthcoming) (with T. Greaney)

A Civil Law Analysis: The Place of Religion in Treatment Termination Decision-Making, Temp. Pol. & Civ. Rights L. Rev. (forthcoming 2006)

A Tempting Target: Lawmakers Take Aim at Nonprofit Hospitals, (forthcoming) (with T. Greaney)

Dean Boozang’s article, Mission, Margin & Trust in the Nonprofit Healthcare Enterprise, 5 Yale J. Health Pol’y, L. & Ethics 1 (2005) (with T. Greaney), provides one of the most complete descriptions of recent attorney general interventions in nonprofit board activity, either to address situations of mismanagement or out of concern of board deviation from mission. The article focuses primarily on the latter cases, analyzing attorney’s general’s increasing use of corporate and trust law doctrines to disapprove or otherwise affect change in boards’ implementation of strategic changes to their entities’ business plans. The article concludes that while corporate law currently is inadequate to address the challenge of regulating mission fidelity, trust law is wholly inapt, both theoretically and doctrinally. Consequently, the article urges corporate law respect for mission primacy, with a presumption of deference to boards’ determination of what the mission is, and how it should be implemented.

Dean Boozang also continues to write shorter pieces for peer review journals on alternative medicine and end-of-life care issues, including, Case Study: The Abuse of Alternative Medicine?, 33 Hastings Center Rpt., Sept.-Oct. 2003, at 13-14.

Presentations

Managing Risk and Achieving a Compliant Organization (June 2007)

Neonatology Grand Rounds, Morristown Memorial Hospital, Legal Expressivism about Treatment at the Beginning of Life (April 2007)

Marquette School of Law, Nonprofit Governance (February 2007)

New Jersey Medical School, Law, Ethics, and Humaneness (November 2006)

Knights of Malta Catholic Perspectives Series, The Convergence of Law and Catholic Teaching (October 2006)

Saint Louis University School of Law, Director Independence in the Nonprofit Corporation (September 2006)

Association of the Bar of the City of New York, Using Trust Law as Sword and Shield (Spring 2006)

Temple Law School, The Role of Religion in Schiavo (Fall 2005)

Columbia University Medical Center, Privacy vs. Protection: The Case of College Student Suicide (April 2005)

Penn State Faculty Workshop, Regulating the Non-profit Board (April 2005)

UMDNJ-Center for Advanced and Continuing Education, The Science and Practice of CAM Research by Allied Health and Nursing Professionals (November 2004)

American Health Lawyers Association (with J. Sheehan), Fraud & CAM, Fraud & Compliance Control (Sept. 2004)

American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics Health Law Teachers Conference, Mission Control (June 2004)

Corporate Governance Conference, Seattle University, Corporate Ethics & Governance in the Healthcare Market Place (Spring 2004)

Civil Rights Roundtable, Fordham University School of Law, End of Life Care (April 2004)

Atlantic Healthcare System Annual Bioethics Conference: At the Bedside of the Dying Patient: Patient Preferences, Treatment Choices, and Health Care Law, Could Schiavo Happen in New Jersey? (November 2003)

Seton Hall University School of Nursing, Bioethics Precedes Law (November 2003)

Faith, Ethics, and the Law: Legal Issues and the Church, Princeton Theological Seminary Law, Ethics & Medicine: The New Frontier (October 2003).

Other News

Board of Directors, American Health Lawyers Association.

Editorial Board, Journal of Health and Life Sciences Law

Advisory Board, Journal of Health Law (AHLA)

Member, New York State Task Force on Life and the Law

Scholarship

The Right to Community Treatment for Mentally Disordered Sex Offenders, in The Sexual Predator: Law and Public Policy Clinical Practice 4-11 (Anita Schlank ed, 2006)

The Right to Community Treatment for Mentally Disordered Sex Offenders, __ Seton Hall L. Rev. __ (forthcoming 2005), advocates a constitutional right to community treatment for sex offenders discharged from post-incarceration psychiatric commitment. He grounds this right to specific language and provisions of the “sexually violent predator” (SVP) statutes used to secure inpatient psychiatric detention of these offenders in the first instance. Because SVPs have unique, long-term treatment needs, which state officials acknowledged as a basis for confinement and affirmatively obligated themselves to treat, Professor Cornwell believes that the states must continue to provide that treatment in the community in fulfillment of their statutory guarantee and corresponding constitutional mandate.

Teaching Criminal Law, 48 St. Louis L. Rev. 1167 (2004).

Presentations

Seton Hall Law School, Symposium on Managing Sex Offender Risk, Conditional Release and Community Treatment, Sex Predators and the Right to Community Treatment (Feb. 2004)

Other News

Professor Cornwell was recently named Associate Dean,, joining Associate Dean Kathleen Boozang.

Gaia Bernstein, J.D., Associate Professor of Law 
About Professor Gaia Bernstein

Scholarship

Toward a General Theory of Law and Technology: Symposium Introduction, forthcoming, MINN. J. L. SCI. & TECH. (forthcoming 2007)

The Role of Diffusion Characteristics in Formulating a General Theory of Law and Technology, MINN. J. L. SCI. & TECH. (forthcoming 2007)

The Paradoxes of Technological Diffusion: Genetic Discrimination and Internet Privacy, 39 Conn. L. Rev. 241 (2006)   

When New Technologies Are Still New: Windows of Opportunity for Privacy Protection, 51 Vill. L. Rev. 921 (2006)

Accommodating Technological Innovation: Identity, Genetic Testing and the Internet, 57 Vand. L. Rev. 963 (2004)

Presentations

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Windows of Opportunity for Privacy Protection (October 2006)

Pittsburgh Law School, In the Shadow of Innovation, (October 2006)

Law and Society, Annual Meeting, Baltimore, Maryland, The Paradoxes of Technological Diffusion (July 2006)

International Symposium on Technology and Society, When New Technologies Are Still New: Windows of Opportunity for Privacy Protection  (June 2006)

Vanderbilt Law School, Evolutionary Analysis in Law Conference, The Genetic Discrimination Paradox (March 2006)

Michigan State University School of Law, 3rd Annual Intellectual Property Scholars Roundtable, When New Technologies Are Still New: Windows of Opportunity for Privacy Protection  (January 2006)

Haifa University Faculty of Law, Genetic Information: Perils & Promises Conference, The Genetic Discrimination Paradox (December 2005)

Villanova University School of Law, Symposium: Privacy Law in the New Millenium: A Tribute to Richard Turkington, When New Technologies Are Still New: Windows of Opportunity for Privacy Protection (October 2005)

New York University School of Law, Colloquium on Information, Technology and Society, The Paradoxes of Technological Diffusion (September 2005)

Center for Intellectual Property Law & Information Technology, DePaul University, Fifth Annual Symposium Privacy and Identity, The Promise and Perils of a Technological Age, Accommodating Technological Innovation: Identity, Genetic Testing and the Internet (October 2004)

Margaret Gilhooley, LL.B., Professor of Law
About Professor Margaret Gilhooley

Scholarship

Drug Safety Reform and Vioxx: The Need for Statutory Changes, 37 Seton Hall L. Rev (forthcoming October 2007).

Heal the Damage: Prescription Drug Consumer Advertisements and Relative Choices, 38 J. Health Law 1 (2005)

The Impact and Limits of the Constitutional Deregulation of Health Claims on Foods and Supplements: From Dementia to Nuts to Chocolate to Saw Palmetto, 56 Mercer L. R. 683 (2005)

FDA and the Adaptation of Regulatory Models, 49 St. Louis L.J. 131 (2004)

The Supreme Court Checks Out Drug Promotion Restrictions, 58 Food & Drug L.J. 347 (2003), examines the significance of the Supreme Court's decision invalidating a congressional prohibition of advertisements for unapproved drug compounds. The article explores the implications of the decision for policies regarding the distribution by drug companies of articles about off-label drug uses.

Presentations

Boston University, The FDA Drug Safety Reform Act of September 2007 (May 2007)

Seton Hall Law Review Symposium, The Effect of the FDA Drug Approval Process and Intellectual Property Protections on Domestic Public Health and Drug Access (February 2007)

Seton Hall Law Review Symposium, Vioxx and Drug Reform: Lessons About Adequate Testing, Adequate Disclosures and Better Incentives (February 2007)
 

Seton Hall University School of Law, Moderator, Drug Approval Law for Patent Practitioners: A United States and European Perspective, Session I: U.S. Drug Approval Process (May 2006)

American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics, Health Law Teachers Conference, Relative Choices and the Implications for Prescription Drug Consumer Advertisements (June 2005)

Brooklyn Law School and The New York Academy of Medicine, Developing Innovative Therapies in a Complex Regulatory Environment Symposium, FDA Regulation of Innovative Drugs (March 2004)

Saint Louis University School of Law, Administrative Law Meets Health Law Symposium, The evolution of Models for Food and Drug Regulation: Lessons for Health Law (March 2004)

American Association of Law Schools Annual Meeting, Section on Agriculture, The First Amendment and Qualified Health Claims on Foods and Supplements (January 2004)
 

Frank Pasquale, J.D., Associate Professor of Law, Assistant Director of the Institute of Law, Science & Technology
About Professor Frank Pasquale

Scholarship

Reclaiming Egalitarianism in the Political Theory of Campaign Finance Reform, Illinois L. Rev. (forthcoming 2008) 

Technology, Competition, and Values, 9 Minn. J. L., Sci., & Tech. (forthcoming 2007).

Copyright in an Era of Information Overload Externalities, 60 Vand. L. Rev. (2006)

The Three Faces of Retainer Care: Crafting a Tailored Regulatory Response,  7 Yale J. Health Pol’y, L. & Ethics 39 (2007)                              

Rankings, Reductionism, and Responsibility, 54 Clev. St. L. Rev. 115 (2006)

Breaking the Vicious Circularity, 55 Case Western Res. Univ. 777 (2005)

Toward an Ecology of Intellectual Property, 8 Yale J. L. & Tech. 78 (Fall 2005)

Presentations

Yale Information Society Project, Technology, Competition, and Values (May 2007)

Boston University, Taxing Tiering: Toward the Joint Maximization of Access, Quality, and Cost-Control in Health Care (June 2007)

New Jersey Intellectual Property Lawyers Association, Medicare Part D and Pharmaceutical Companies' Patient Assistance Programs (April 2007)

Hofstra University, Federal Search Commission? (Jan 2007)

University of California at Berkeley, IP Scholars Conference, The Law and Economics of Information Overload Externalities, (plenary presentation) (August 2006)

University of Virginia, May Gathering on Methodology in Legal Scholarship, (plenary presentation) (June 2006)

University of Maryland, Health Law Teachers Conference, The Three Faces of Retainer Care: Crafting a Tailored Regulatory Response (June 2006)

The Law & Society Association Annual Meeting, A Theory of Law and Technology in an Era of Pluralism (July 2006)

The 16th Annual Conference on Computers, Freedom, & Privacy, Freedom, Privacy, Rankings, Reductionism, and Responsibility (May 2006)

American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, The Cost of Conscience: Preferred Tax Status for Donations Addressing Basic Human Needs (August/September 2006)

Seton Hall Law School Faculty Retreat, Theorizing the Law of Search: Authoritative and Responsible Metadata Providers (January 2006)

St. John's University School of Law Distinguished Speakers Colloquium, Expressive Externalities (October 2005)

St. Louis University, Younger Health Law Scholars Workshop, The Three Faces of Retainer Care: Crafting a Tailored Regulatory Response (September 2005)

 

Tracy Miller, J.D., Executive Director, The Center for Health & Pharmaceutical Law

Tracy Miller received her J.D. from Harvard Law School, cum laude, and her undergraduate degree from Brown University, magna cum laude.  From 2001-2007, Ms. Miller served as General Counsel and Senior Vice President of the Catholic Health Care System (CHCS), a health care system comprised of hospitals and nursing homes in New York City and the Hudson Valley.  While at CHCS, Ms. Miller oversaw legal and compliance services for the Health System and its ten member facilities. Prior to joining CHCS, Ms. Miller was Vice President for Quality and Regulatory Affairs at the Greater New York Hospital Association.

 From 1996-2000, Ms. Miller was Associate Professor in the Department of Health Policy at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, where her scholarship and publications focused on a range of topics, including medicine online, financial disclosure and trust in the patient-physician relationship, and managed care regulation.  During that time, Ms. Miller also served as Project Director of the National Quality Forum Planning Committee, a group of national leaders in health care delivery and quality convened by Vice President Gore to build a new national organization to set standards for quality measurement and improvement across the health care industry. Prior to joining Mount Sinai, Ms. Miller was the founding Executive Director of the Governor’s Task Force on Life and the Law, a commission of experts and leaders drawn from healthcare, legal, civic and religious organizations to craft policy for New York State.  In that capacity, she developed law and policy on issues raised by medical advances, including New York’s health care proxy law, the do-not-resuscitate law, and the law on the procurement and distribution of organs for transplantation.

 Ms. Miller is the Past Chairperson of the 1100-member Health Law Section of the New York State Bar Association and a Member of the Health Law Section Executive Committee from 1995-2001.  She has written and spoken extensively to national and state organizations on healthcare policy, law and ethics.  She joined Seton Hall Law School's Center for Health & Pharmaceutical Law as Executive Director in 2008.

Scholarship

Between Strangers:  The Practice of Medicine Online, 21(4) Health Affairs 168 (2002)

Disclosing Doctors’ Incentives; Will Consumers Understand and Value the Information?, 19(4) Health Affairs 149 (2000)

The National Quality Forum:  A Me-Too or Breakthrough in Quality Measurement and Reporting?, 18 Health Affairs 233 (1999)

Disclosing Physician Financial Incentives, 281(15) Journal of the American Medical Association 1424 (1999)

Use of Videotape for Educating Patients About Advance Directives, 23(2) American Journal of Health Behavior 105 (1999)

Center Stage on the Consumer Protection Agenda: Grievance and Appeal Rights, 24 Law, Medicine and Ethics 89 (1998)

Regulating Managed Care: in the Laboratory of the States, 278 Journal of the American Medical Association 1102 (1997)

Deciding for Isolated Patients, 45 Journal of the American Gerontological Society  369 (1997)

Stemming the Tide: Assisted Suicide and the Constitution, 45 Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 389 (1997)

Factors Promoting Completion of Advance Directives in the Hospital, 155 Archives of Internal Medicine 1893 (1995)

Advance Directives: Moving from Theory to Practice, Volume III Advances in Long-Term Care (1995)

Assisted Suicide: New York Law and the Constitution, Nov. 18 New York Law Journal 1 (1994)

Moral and Religious Objections by Hospitals to Withholding and Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Treatment, 4(2) Journal of Community Health 87 (1994)

Beyond Autonomy: Public Policy and Commercial Surrogacy, 4(2) International Journal of Bioethics 137 (1993)

Forging Consensus on Medical Ethics, 68(2) Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 35 (1992)

Multiple Listing for Organ Transplantation: Autonomy Unbounded, 2(1) Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 43 (1992)

Deciding in Advance: Facilitating Your Client’s Health Care Goals.  In Health Care Proxies, Powers of Attorney, and Living Wills: Making Health Care Decisions, Practicing Law Institute (1991)

Withdrawing and Withholding Treatment: Policies in Long-Term Care Facilities, 30(4) The Gerontologist 462 (1990) 

Public Policy in The Wake of Cruzan: A Case Study of New York’s Health Care Proxy Law, 17(3) Law Medicine & Health Care 360 (1989)

Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders: Public Policy and Patient Autonomy, 17(3) Law, Medicine & Health Care 245 (1989)

Prior to working at sanofi-aventis, Ms. Perry served as Counsel at Gibbons, Del Deo, Griffinger & Vecchione P.C. and as an Associate at Pitney, Hardin Kipp & Szuch LLP.  Ms. Perry received her J.D., magna cum laude, from Seton Hall Law School in 1998, where she was a member of the Seton Hall Law Review.  She completed her B.A., magna cum laude, in Anthropology & Sociology at Lafayette College.     

As a Faculty Researcher for The Center for Health & Pharmaceutical Law, Ms. Perry  conducts research dealing with the emerging legal, ethical, and professional challenges in the burgeoning drug and device industries.  In addition, she assists with forums conducted by The Center in which experts are invited to the Law School to discuss issues associated with specific research topics.  Ms. Perry works closely with Tracy Miller to synthesize the results of the research and the forums into white papers.

Scholarship

To Err is Human – Patient safety Act Provides Legal Protections for Medical Error Reporting, New Jersey Law Journal (2004). 

Making a Virtual House Call, The National Law Journal (2000). 

Protecting the Privacy of Health Information, The Law Report (2000).  

Telemedicine Task Force Issues Recommendations Regarding the Practice of Telemedicine in New Jersey, New Jersey State Bar Association Health & Hospital Law Section Newsletter, vol. 15, no. 1 (2000). 

Protecting Medical Records in the Age of Digital Technology, New Jersey State Bar Association Health & Hospital Law Section Newsletter, vol. 13, no. 1 (1998). 

Survey of Taylor v. Metzger, 28 Seton Hall L. Rev. 1419 (1998). 

Doing Time for Clinical Crime: The Prosecution of Incompetent Physicians as an Additional Mechanism to Assure Quality Health Care, 28 Seton Hall L. Rev. 569 (1997).

Scholarship

Compliance Tips from Deferred Prosecution Agreements, Business Crimes Bulletin (April 2006) (co-author).

The New SEC-FDA Alliance, Business Crimes Bulletin (July 2004) (co-author).

Custodial Interrogations, 28th Annual Review of Criminal Procedure, 86 Geo. L.J. 1318 (1998) (co-author).

Identifications, 28th Annual Review of Criminal Procedure, 86 Geo. L.J. 1309 (1998).

Scholarship

Revisiting Informed Consent Issues: How to Ensure that Informed Consent Has Been Achieved, 183 N.J.L.J. 470 (Feb. 13, 2006). 

Is the Worst Yet to Come? HHS and the Courts are Finally Talking About HIPAA Enforcement; 181 N.J.L.J. 1089 (Sept. 19, 2005).